# The herd ledger

**Uruguay's cattle books balance only if 2,300,543 head left the farms between the 2024 and 2025 declarations: 18.95% of the opening herd. Calves born (2,697,988) outran deaths (247,498), home slaughter (22,826) and the herd's own growth (+127,121).**

## Findings

- The July 2026 expedition's figure for Rocha (21.4%) carried the all-species bug; species-honest, Rocha's cattle offtake is **25.4%** of its opening herd.
- By department the books run from **Treinta y Tres**, which shipped out 26.2% of its opening herd, to San José, 14.2%. Montevideo (a few thousand head) is left out of the extremes.

## Charts

![Waterfall: 12.14 million opening stock, plus 2.70 million births, minus small deaths and home slaughter, minus 2.30 million offtake, gives 12.27 million closing stock.](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/charts/ledger-waterfall.png)

*Uruguay's cattle ledger, 30 June 2024 → 30 June 2025.* [Interactive](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/index.html) · [Vega-Lite spec](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/charts/ledger-waterfall.vl.json)

![Map of offtake rate by department; the breeding east ships the largest share of its herd.](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/charts/offtake-map.png)

*Inferred offtake as a share of opening stock, 2024 → 2025.* [Interactive](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/index.html) · [Vega-Lite spec](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/charts/offtake-map.vl.json)

## How we know

The notebook ran **14 cross-checks**, every one passed; the build refuses to publish a notebook whose numbers disagree with the source. A sample:

| check | got | expected | rule |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2024 cattle stock: cube = CSV | 12,138,148 | 12,138,148 | exactly |
| 2024 cattle births: cube = CSV | 2,364,279 | 2,364,279 | exactly |
| 2024 cattle deaths: cube = CSV | 264,496 | 264,496 | exactly |
| 2024 cattle consumption: cube = CSV | 23,069 | 23,069 | exactly |
| 2025 cattle stock: cube = CSV | 12,265,269 | 12,265,269 | exactly |
| 2025 cattle births: cube = CSV | 2,697,988 | 2,697,988 | exactly |

Data: MGAP/SNIG DICOSE sworn declarations 2024 and 2025 (graph `uruguay-cows`), via SPARQL and MCP on the demo's own endpoint.

## The notebook

- Read it: [https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/index.html](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/index.html)
- Download: [herd-ledger.ipynb](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/herd-ledger.ipynb) (also in this workspace: file [`ipynb-herd-ledger`](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/herd-ledger.ipynb) in *Notebook files*)
- For agents: [index.md](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/index.md)

Reading path: previous: [*One year on, 2024 to 2025*](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/notebook-year-over-year/index.md); next: [*Finding other Uruguay data*](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/notebook-finding-other-data/index.md). The whole path: [`reading-path`](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/reading-path/index.md).

## Metadata

```json
{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": [
  "CreativeWork",
  "SoftwareSourceCode"
 ],
 "name": "The herd ledger",
 "abstract": "Uruguay's cattle books balance only if 2,300,543 head left the farms between the 2024 and 2025 declarations: 18.95% of the opening herd. Calves born (2,697,988) outran deaths (247,498), home slaughter (22,826) and the herd's own growth (+127,121).",
 "url": "https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/index.html",
 "programmingLanguage": "Python",
 "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
 "creditText": "cow-tools, Sophia Labs",
 "encoding": [
  {
   "@type": "MediaObject",
   "contentUrl": "https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/notebooks/herd-ledger/herd-ledger.ipynb",
   "encodingFormat": "application/x-ipynb+json"
  }
 ],
 "isBasedOn": {
  "@type": "Dataset",
  "name": "DICOSE – SNIG sworn livestock declarations 2024–2025",
  "url": "https://catalogodatos.gub.uy/dataset/mgap-datos-preliminares-basados-en-la-declaracion-jurada-de-existencias-dicose-snig-2025"
 }
}
```

## Connected (the graph's wires)

- Previous in the reading path: [One year on, 2024 to 2025](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/notebook-year-over-year/index.md)
- Next in the reading path: [Finding other Uruguay data](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/notebook-finding-other-data/index.md)
- Related: [Montevideo](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/department-montevideo/index.md), [Rocha](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/department-rocha/index.md), [San José](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/department-san-jose/index.md), [Treinta y Tres](https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/department-treinta-y-tres/index.md)

---

This document is CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), credit "cow-tools, Sophia Labs"; the data it describes keeps its own licence (Uruguay's open-data licence).

The cow-tools guide, Notebooks: https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/notebook-herd-ledger/ (this page for people) · the whole guide: https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/guide/index.md · in Sophia: the graph `cow-tools-guide`, document `notebook-herd-ledger` (MCP `read_document` at https://cow-tools.sophia-labs.com/mcp). CC BY 4.0, credit "cow-tools, Sophia Labs".